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Infertility: diagnosis and treatment

Infertility: diagnosis and treatment

Top Doctors
Top Doctors editorial
Top Doctors
Created by: Top Doctors editorial Sources: Top Doctors CO
Edited by: TOP DOCTORS® at 10/10/2023

In order to make the diagnosis of infertility, there is a protocol of 5 factors: uterine factor, cervical factor, tubal factor, hormonal factor, male factor and some complementary studies.

Dra.. María de Lourdes Flores Islands

Infertility is defined when there is a partner who has maintained an active sex life for a year, without protection, and has not been able to give the pregnancy in a natural way. If the woman is over 35 years will reduce this time to only 6 months of waiting to be able to make an appropriate diagnosis and provide treatment and guidance.

Diagnosis of infertility

To diagnose an infertility problem we have a study protocol that includes 5 factors: uterine factor, cervical factor, tubal factor, hormonal factor, male factor and some complementary studies.

For each of the factors that are involved in the infertility process will have some indicated studies. In the case of the cervical factor is indicated the papanicolau, the crop revision with search of mycoplasma ureaplasma and chlamydia; in the uterine factor is indicated to perform an ultrasound to see that there is no presence of balls, cysts, tumors, myomas or any other alteration, in the tubal factor, you can use what is a hysterosalpingography or a sonohisterography to diagnose if the tubes are permeable or not, in the ovarian factor a hormonal profile of the female part is needed to know if the ovulation process is being carried out properly or not.

In the male factor, spermatobioscopy is used for its diagnosis and, within the complementary studies, we can mention CA 125, which is a marker that is present in a disease that is called endometriosis and is also associated with fertility problems.

Treatment for fertility

Once you have the infertility diagnosis you can start from that point to give a treatment. Depending on the factor that is altered will be the type of treatment that will receive the patient, ie if you have an infection treatment should be provided to remove it, if there is any tumor, ball cysts or something that requires surgery should be operated to provide the maximum benefit and, in this way, can achieve the pregnancy he so desires; if on the contrary all that is needed is to reinforce ovulation there are different techniques of high and low complexity.

Among the low complexity, we can mention scheduled intercourse and intrauterine inseminations, these consist solely of giving medicine to the woman to facilitate ovulation, in scheduled intercourse will be indicated which days can have sex and inseminations will be placed the previously trained spermatozoa inside the woman's uterus so that a pregnancy can be carried out.

Among the highly complex techniques are in vitro fertilization, with its different variants, ICSI, which means directly injecting the sperm into the egg and PICSI, which means a preselection before injecting the sperm into the egg.