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Thyroid function and treatments available

Thyroid function and treatments available

Edited by: TOP DOCTORS® at 10/10/2023

The thyroid is a gland that consists of 2 lobes, generates thyroid hormones and can be affected by several diseases such as hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and cancer.

Dr. Salvador Escorcia Vargas

The thyroid gland is a glandular structure. The thyroid glands are located above the sternum, between the clavicles, in front of the trachea, below the skin. This gland is composed of 2 lobes, right and left and united through the isthmus, which joins these 2 parts in front of the trachea. It can weigh approximately 20 grams and generates thyroid hormones which are T4 and T3 mainly, and which are referred to all attention from diseases of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism generally.

Thyroid Diseases

The thyroid gland is susceptible to the effects of disease or disease vehicles such as inflammation, autoimmune diseases, infections, injuries, cancer and even diseases of other tissues invading the structures of this gland such as lymphomas and other hematological diseases which could cause damage to the thyroid.

The most important thyroid diseases in attention to the thyroid are hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer and those related to excess or lack of thyroid hormones.

Treatment for various thyroid diseases

In the case of deficient states of thyroid hormones or hypothyroidism, it is managed with therapy of replacement of these hormones until finding the optimal balance of the levels in the blood of the patient. In the case of hyperthyroidism is exactly the opposite, it is a question of blocking the gland and / or effects of thyroid hormones what is necessary for the patient to recover normal levels thus improving the patient's health status.

When it comes to the study of thyroid nodules, the nature or the possible nature of these nodules must first be identified, either through diagnostic aids such as ultrasound and sometimes through biopsies of the structures in question.

In the case of goiter, which is another of the most common diseases that the endocrinologist sees, it is a question of defining what kind of goitre these patients have, if it is a simple goiter if it depends on nodules or cysts. The possibility of cancer intrinsic to these abnormalities should also be ruled out.

Internal Medicine in Miguel Hidalgo