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Gingivitis is the inflammation or infection of the gums caused by tartar and plaque buildup in the tissues of the mouth. It can be caused by an injury to the gums, poor oral hygiene, misaligned teeth, hormonal changes ( such as pregnancy or menstruation ), or other diseases. The most obvious symptom of this pathology is bleeding from the gums, but also produces sensitivity, red appearance, mouth ulcers, receding gum or bad breath. Treatment of gingivitis is a complete dental cleaning to reduce inflammation, which must be accompanied correct brushing and flossing. If gingivitis is not treated properly it can lead to periodontitis, known as periodontal disease or pyorrhea which causes inflammation of the gums extends to the ligaments and bones that hold the teeth and, therefore, the teeth become loose or even fall. Treatment of periodontitis may include surgery to remove the infection of the gums and rebuild tooth brackets.

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